In a recent online discussion, Dr. Kelynn Lee, CEO of the Dementia Care Hub, provided critical insights into the differences between Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. In a succinct TikTok video shared in 2024, she clarified prevalent misconceptions surrounding these two conditions. Her explanation is particularly relevant as over 944,000 individuals in the UK live with dementia, impacting approximately one in eleven people over the age of 65.
Understanding Dementia and Alzheimer’s
Dr. Lee emphasized that while both terms are commonly used interchangeably, they represent distinct medical conditions. “One question that keeps coming up is, ‘What’s the difference between Alzheimer’s and dementia?'” she stated, setting the stage for her explanation. She defined dementia as an umbrella term that encompasses various syndromes, including Alzheimer’s disease.
“Dementia is the umbrella term, whereby there are lots of dementia syndromes that sit underneath,” Dr. Lee elaborated. She listed several types, including vascular dementia, mixed dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. “Alzheimer’s is a type of dementia,” she concluded, aiming to clarify the relationship between the two conditions.
Prevalence and Causes of Alzheimer’s Disease
According to the World Health Organization, Alzheimer’s disease accounts for approximately 60 to 70% of dementia cases. Although the exact cause remains unclear, several risk factors have been identified, including a family history of the condition, untreated depression, and lifestyle factors related to cardiovascular health. Increasing age is also a significant risk factor, although dementia is not considered a normal part of aging.
Alzheimer’s is known to be a progressive condition, with symptoms developing gradually over time. Initial signs often include mild memory issues, such as forgetting names or conversations. As the disease progresses, additional symptoms may arise, including:
- Difficulties with communication and language
- Confusion and disorientation
- Low moods and increased anxiety
- Behavioral changes, such as aggression or suspicion
- Hallucinations
The NHS advises that while there is currently no cure for Alzheimer’s disease, medications are available to alleviate some symptoms. Supportive measures, such as modifying living environments for ease of navigation, are also recommended to help individuals maintain independence. Psychological treatments, including cognitive stimulation therapy, can further assist in enhancing memory and problem-solving skills.
Anyone experiencing symptoms indicative of Alzheimer’s disease is encouraged to consult their general practitioner for further evaluation and support. Additional information is available on the NHS website, providing resources for affected individuals and their families.