As summer heat escalates, New York City residents face increased risks of skin conditions, including sunburn and rashes. This season, temperatures have soared to record highs, reaching up to 100 degrees Fahrenheit during peak hours. According to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, nearly 30% of adults in New York State reported experiencing at least one sunburn in the past year. Alarmingly, over 50% of Americans do not use sunscreen, putting them at heightened risk for skin disorders such as sunburn and skin cancer.
To address these concerns, Dr. Asha Patel Shah, Head of Medical Affairs North America at Kenvue and a board-certified dermatologist, offers insights on summer skin safety. Understanding sunburn’s causes and symptoms is essential for effective prevention and treatment.
Understanding Sunburn
Sunburn is an acute inflammatory reaction resulting from damage caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Dr. Shah explains, “The UV rays penetrate your skin and trigger an inflammatory cascade, leading to the classic signs we all recognize – redness, warmth, pain, and sometimes even blistering.”
Research published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine indicates that between 28% and 53% of children have a history of sunburn. Studies from Western Michigan University show that both children and adults who spend significant time outdoors, particularly between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., are at greater risk. Dr. Shah emphasizes that children’s skin is more vulnerable than adults’ because their protective mechanisms are still developing, making them susceptible to sunburn.
Recognizing Sunburn Across Skin Tones
Identifying sunburn early is crucial for effective treatment. The presentation of sunburn can vary significantly across different skin tones. Dr. Shah advises looking for signs such as irritated, flushed skin, tenderness, and redness.
“For individuals with lighter skin, redness is usually very obvious, and often the first indicator. But for those with darker skin, redness can appear as pink, purple, or even a deeper shade of their existing skin tone,” she notes. Many individuals with darker skin may not recognize the acute stage of sunburn, with peeling being the only visible sign of damage.
A common misconception is that darker-skinned individuals cannot get sunburned. Research from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reveals that 9% to 13% of Black men and women report at least one sunburn annually. Children are particularly vulnerable due to their developing skin barriers, which can lead to more severe damage from UV exposure.
Dr. Shah stresses the importance of monitoring young children for signs of dehydration following sun exposure. Indicators include a lower wet diaper count, dry mouth, fussiness, and lethargy. She adds, “Toddlers and preschoolers might complain of pain or stinging, pull away when their skin is touched, or become unusually clingy.” Notably, just one blistering sunburn during childhood can double a person’s lifetime risk of melanoma.
Addressing Sunburn in Children
If a child gets sunburned, it is crucial to take immediate action. Dr. Shah emphasizes that sunburn is common and does not reflect poor parenting. Depending on the severity, treatment can often be managed at home.
“Immediately get the child out of the sun and into shade or indoors into a cool, darkened room,” she advises. Cooling the skin with cool compresses or a lukewarm bath can provide relief; however, ice should be avoided as it can cause further damage. Topicals like aloe vera can help soothe the skin, while colloidal oatmeal baths are recommended for children with eczema or sensitive skin.
If blistering or bleeding occurs, seeking medical attention is essential.
Summer Safety Recommendations
To enjoy the summer safely, Dr. Shah recommends embracing shade whenever possible and keeping children out of direct sunlight during peak hours, usually between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. Wearing protective clothing, such as long sleeves, wide-brimmed hats, pants, and UV-protected sunglasses, is advisable.
Additionally, using a broad-spectrum, water-resistant sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher is crucial for responsible sun protection. Dr. Shah concludes, “Enjoying the outdoors is very important, but doing it in a responsible and safe manner is key.”
With the right precautions, New Yorkers can enjoy summer while safeguarding their skin against the harmful effects of sun exposure.