As winter approaches, the risk of norovirus infections is rising sharply in the United States. Recent data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) indicates a surge in cases, with approximately 14% of laboratory tests returning positive for the virus last week. This figure marks a significant increase from the 7% positivity rate recorded just three months prior. Several states, including Wyoming, Nebraska, and Oklahoma, are currently reporting high numbers of infections.
The CDC has documented at least 2,675 norovirus outbreaks in the U.S. from August 2024 to July 2025, nearly double the 1,478 outbreaks reported in the same timeframe the previous year. Although the pace of outbreaks appeared to stabilize in the fall, norovirus is particularly active in winter months when more people congregate indoors. The current positivity rate mirrors that of last year, which saw a peak of nearly 25% in December 2024.
Understanding Norovirus and Its Impact
Norovirus, often mistakenly associated only with cruise ships, is a highly contagious virus that leads to gastroenteritis, commonly known as the stomach flu. It is responsible for about 20 million cases of vomiting and diarrhea annually in the U.S. While the illness is rarely fatal, it results in approximately 100,000 hospitalizations each year. The seasonality of norovirus means that winter months can bring significant challenges for public health.
Given the potential for a challenging norovirus season, health officials are urging the public to take precautionary measures. Effective hygiene practices are essential for minimizing the risk of infection. Individuals are advised to wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly and ensure that shellfish is cooked properly. Additionally, kitchen utensils, cutting boards, and surfaces should be cleaned frequently, particularly after preparing shellfish.
Furthermore, it is crucial to wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling uncooked food, as norovirus can spread easily through contaminated hands. It is important to note that hand sanitizers are ineffective against this virus. People should avoid close contact with others if they exhibit symptoms of illness.
Preparing for the Holiday Season
As the holiday season approaches, many families will gather for Thanksgiving and other celebrations. While the festive spirit is heartening, it is essential to remain vigilant about health and safety. The risk of norovirus outbreaks can increase during gatherings, making it even more critical to adhere to hygiene recommendations.
Health experts emphasize that even a mild norovirus season can lead to widespread discomfort. Although a vaccine for norovirus is not yet available, ongoing research aims to develop an effective solution. Until then, public health officials continue to stress the importance of preventive measures to mitigate the impact of this winter’s potential norovirus surge.
As individuals prepare for the colder months, staying informed and taking proactive steps can significantly reduce the likelihood of contracting norovirus. Awareness and effective hygiene practices are the best defenses against this persistent and troublesome virus.