NASA and its international partners are commemorating a significant milestone: the 25th anniversary of continuous human presence aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Since November 2, 2000, astronauts have lived and worked in this orbiting laboratory, fostering international collaboration and scientific discovery. Over this quarter-century, more than 290 individuals from 26 countries have contributed to thousands of experiments, enhancing our understanding of science and technology on Earth while laying the groundwork for the upcoming Artemis missions to the Moon and future exploration of Mars.
The ISS has functioned not only as a platform for groundbreaking research but also as a cultural bridge, inspiring creativity and fostering global connections. Memories from employees at NASA’s Johnson Space Center illustrate how the station embodies a profound human endeavor.
Christopher Brown, an integration manager, has played a critical role in ensuring astronauts have vital resources such as clean air and water. His work with the Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) involves recycling waste and maintaining a habitable environment in space. “Commissioning regenerative life support systems was a proud moment for me,” Brown recalled, reminiscing about the symbolic toast shared with the crew while monitoring from mission control. “These milestones are essential for future long-duration missions beyond Earth.”
NASA astronaut Kate Rubins is currently involved in the Cardinal Heart study, which investigates the effects of microgravity on heart muscles. This research aims to develop new treatments for astronauts and individuals on Earth suffering from cardiovascular diseases. Rubins has noted how staying connected to Earth is vital during space missions, recalling the inspiring moment when another astronaut ran the Boston Marathon on a treadmill aboard the ISS, marking a first in space.
The impact of the ISS extends beyond science. The Space Suit Art Project, which showcases artwork created by children battling cancer, highlights the intersection of creativity and hope. Liz Warren, the Associate Chief Scientist for the ISS, observed firsthand how this initiative uplifted young patients. During Expedition 52, astronaut Jack Fischer donned a spacesuit adorned with the artwork of cancer survivors, including Warren’s daughter. “The power of art and inspiration is incredible,” Warren remarked, emphasizing the resilience required in both human spaceflight and the fight against childhood cancer.
Warren’s experiences underscore the constant connection between astronauts and mission control. One memorable instance involved her coordinating a food swap for an astronaut on a special research diet, all while on a weekend run. This moment illustrated the real-time communication that is essential for mission success.
In mission control, aerospace engineer Adam Baker recalls a unique interaction during Expedition 17, when mission control engaged in a live chess match with astronaut Greg Chamitoff. “It was a testament to how the ISS connects crews in orbit with people on Earth,” Baker noted. His work also included overseeing the deployment of the RemoveDebris satellite in 2018, aimed at addressing space debris—a growing concern in space travel.
The ISS has also been a training ground for astronauts, as noted by Michael McFarlane, chief of the Simulation and Graphics Branch. He expressed pride in witnessing the station evolve during assembly missions, which closely mirrored the rigorous training conducted on the ground.
Traditions at NASA, such as “MERloween,” celebrate milestones while fostering a supportive and enjoyable environment among engineers and mission operators.
On March 18, 2025, NASA’s SpaceX Crew-9 successfully returned to Earth, splashing down in the Gulf of America. Mark Garcia, a social media consultant, highlighted this event as a career highlight, celebrating the connection between the ISS and life on Earth. “I love sharing the scientific achievements of the station that benefit people everywhere,” he stated.
As NASA and its global partners reflect on 25 years of achievements aboard the ISS, they are poised to build on this legacy. The lessons learned and the spirit of collaboration established in low Earth orbit will undoubtedly guide future missions, including the Artemis program and beyond, ensuring that the next chapter of human exploration continues to thrive on innovation, resilience, and the unyielding human spirit.